Embedded Files
GreenHouse is an autonomous greenhouse monitoring and control system that delivers real-time environmental data and fully automated irrigation. The current implementation combines LoRaWAN communication, ESP32 microcontrollers and a centralized Home Assistant server to provide continuous monitoring over 1.5 km+ wireless range and soil-moisture-driven irrigation.
The system offers dual access: a main dashboard running on a Raspberry Pi 4 at home and a lightweight field application served locally by the gateway’s Wi-Fi hotspot. Together, they form a scalable, production-oriented foundation for intelligent greenhouse automation.
Team Composition & Responsibilities
Team Composition & Responsibilities
Teodora Ienea
Teodora Ienea
Role: Software & Data Systems Lead
Data acquisition and processing algorithms
Home Assistant configuration and main dashboard development
MQTT integration and communication protocols
Local application development for gateway
Raul Ciurescu
Raul Ciurescu
Role: Hardware & Systems Architecture Lead
Hardware design and component selection
ESP32 WROOM32 programming and optimization
LoRaWAN communication implementation
Power management and sensor integration
Four-Layer System Architecture
Four-Layer System Architecture
Layer 1: Sensor Modules (Greenhouse Interior)
Layer 1: Sensor Modules (Greenhouse Interior)
Hardware Components:
Hardware Components:
Microcontroller:
Microcontroller:
-ESP32 WROOM32 (optimized for reliable hotspot connectivity)
Environmental Sensors:
Environmental Sensors:
-DHT22 Temperature & Humidity Sensor
-Capacitive Soil Moisture Sensor
Power Management:
Power Management:
-Rechargeable battery with GPIO-controlled sensor power
Enclosure:
Enclosure:
-Weatherproof sealed tube design
Operation:
Operation:
-10-minute wake cycles for data collection
-Millisecond-level active periods for energy conservation
-Wi-Fi connection to gateway hotspot for data transmission
Layer 2: Gateway (Greenhouse Exterior)
Layer 2: Gateway (Greenhouse Exterior)
Hardware Components:
Hardware Components:
Microcontroller:
Microcontroller:
-ESP32 WROOM32 with enhanced antenna for improved 2.4GHz signal propagation
Communication Interfaces:
Communication Interfaces:
-Wi-Fi hotspot for sensor module connectivity (optimized range and stability)
-SPI interface to LoRa transceiver
Local Application Server:
Local Application Server:
-Hosts local web application accessible via hotspot connection
Functionality:
Functionality:
-Data aggregation from multiple sensor modules
-Autonomous irrigation logic processing and execution
-LoRaWAN transmission coordination to remote receiver
-Local web application hosting for field access
Layer 3: Receiver (Remote Location – 1.5Km+ Range)
Layer 3: Receiver (Remote Location – 1.5Km+ Range)
Hardware Components:
Hardware Components:
LoRa Transceiver:
LoRa Transceiver:
-Long-range data reception via LoRaWAN
Microcontroller:
Microcontroller:
-ESP32-C3
Communication:
Communication:
-SPI to LoRa transceiver, Wi-Fi to home network
Purpose:
Purpose:
-Bridge between LoRaWAN and home IP network
-Data forwarding to MQTT broker
-Protocol conversion and data relay
Layer 4: Central Controller & Main Server (Home Base Station)
Layer 4: Central Controller & Main Server (Home Base Station)
Hardware Components:
Hardware Components:
Main Server:
Main Server:
-Raspberry Pi 4
Operating System:
Operating System:
-Home Assistant OS
Software Stack:
Software Stack:
-Home Assistant (primary automation platform & main user interface)
-Mosquitto MQTT Broker
-Main Dashboard (Lovelace UI)
Functionality:
Functionality:
-Central data processing and storage
-Main user interface and dashboard hosting
-Automation rule management and execution
-Real-time data visualization and historical analysis
-Primary system control and monitoring
Key Achievements:
Key Achievements:
-Real-time environmental monitoring with 1.5Km+ wireless range
-Autonomous soil moisture-based irrigation system
-Dual-interface access (main dashboard + local field application)
-Energy-eƯicient design with ultra-low power consumption
-Scalable modular architecture for future expansion
Technical Innovation:
Technical Innovation:
The system combines modern IoT technologies into a practical, field-tested solution for greenhouse automation. By integrating battery-powered ESP32 sensor modules, a LoRaWAN backbone, and a Home Assistant–based control center on Raspberry Pi 4, Agri-IoT provides both local field access and professional-grade centralized monitoring, creating a solid platform for future extensions and commercial deployment.
Page updated
Google Sites
Report abuse